Man is not only social but also cultural. It is the culture that provides opportunities for man to develop the personality. Development of personality is not an automatic process. Every society prescribes its own ways and means of giving social training to its new born member so that they may develop their own personality. This social training is called socialization.
Definition of Socialization
The human child comes into the world as a biological organism with animal needs. He gradually molded in society into a social being and learns social way of acting and feeling.
The process of molding and shaping the personality of the human infant is called socialization. Some definition is to be given bellow that help to better understanding socialization.
W.F.Ogburn: “Socialization is the process by which the individual learns to conform to the norms of the group.”
The process of molding and shaping the personality of the human infant is called socialization. Some definition is to be given bellow that help to better understanding socialization.
W.F.Ogburn: “Socialization is the process by which the individual learns to conform to the norms of the group.”
Bogardus: “Socialization is the process of working together, of developing group responsibility, or being guided by the welfare needs of others.”
Peter Worsley explains "socialization as the process of Transmission of culture, the process whereby men learn the rules and practices of social groups".
Characteristics
- Learns the norms of the Group.
- It is a process of working together.
- Guided to develop other.
- It is a process of transmission of culture.
- It helps to learns the rules and practices of social groups.
Finally we can say that the process of adjustment in social environment is called socialization.
Types of Socialization:
Jary and Jary told some types of socialization:
a) Primary Socialization:
This is the most essential and basic type of socialization. It takes place in the early years of life of the new born individual. It concentrates on the teaching of language and cognitive skills, the interaction of culture, norms and values, establishment of emotional ties and the appreciation of other roles and perspectives.The human child does not have a sense of right and wrong, desirable and undesirable, moral and immoral. By trial and error by direct and indirect observation and experience, the child gradually learns the norms relating to right and wrong behavior.
Process whereby people learn the language, attitude, values and action.