Role of the Mass Media in the Process of Socialization

 

Reference: Bangladesh and Global Studies, Class 9-10, 2025

Role of the Religious Institution in the Process of Socialization

 

Reference: Bangladesh and Global Studies, Class 9-10, 2025

Role of the local Community in the Process of Socialization

 Reference: Bangladesh and Global Studies, Class 9-10, 2025

Role of the local society in the Process of Socialization

 

Reference: Bangladesh and Global Studies, Class 9-10, 2025

Role of school and schoolmates in the Process of Socialization

 

Reference: Bangladesh and Global Studies, Class 9-10, 2025

Role of Relatives and the neighbors in the Process of Socialization

 

Reference: Bangladesh and Global Studies, Class 9-10, 2025

Role of the family and the family members in the Process of Socialization

Family is the most important medium of socialization. The space for socialization becomes ready within the family before the birth of a child. Various types of families exist in the family structure of Bangladesh. We have learnt about this in the previous chapter. Whatever may be the type of family. Naturally, all the good and bad aspects of our family life influence our behaviours. Social morals and civic sense are introduced within our family. We acquire qualities like cooperation, tolerance, fellow felling, brotherhood, sacrifice, love, etc. through family. In the process of socialization of a child, the relationship between father and mother plays the most important role among all family affairs. Good relations among parents are essential for the proper development of children's personalities. The conflict between the parents begets conflict among the children. The dear and near persons to a child are his mother and father. Social morals and civic sense are introduced within our family. We acquire qualities like cooperation, tolerance, fellow feeling, brotherhood, sacrifice, love, etc., through family. In the process of socialization of a child, the relationship between father and mother plays the most important role among all family affairs. Good relations among parents are essential for the proper development of children's personalities. The conflict between the parents begets conflict among the children. The dear and near conflict between the parents begets conflict among the children. The dear and near persons to a child are his mother and father. Of these two, 'mother' is the person to a child are his mother and father. Of these two, 'mother' is the most intimate. Naturally, socialization begins from the mother. The mother is the first institution in making a child's food habits and language learning. In its very childhood, the mother creates attraction for whatever types of food that influences the behavior of the child in his advanced life. We apply in our own family our learning and experience from what our mother did with us in matters like singing lullaby, techniques of learning alphabet, process of memorizing rhymes, and many more.

In some families of our society, only father earns. In some cases, both parents earn. They need to apply many rules and regulations for the smooth direction of their family life. The behavior and values of individual parents influence the socialization of the children. A child's attitude of self determination is the result of its parents self reliant personality. Likewise, the conduct of the other members of the family, including close relatives, also influence the behavioral patterns of a child's life. These matters promote a child's mental growth and personality formation.

Reference: Bangladesh and Global Studies, Class 9-10, 2025

The Role of Various Institutions of the Process of Socialization

Socialization is an important factor in human life. Through socialization, a child acquires perfection in social matters and becomes a responsible member of society. In our social life, we are always influenced by the persons in authority, such as our father, mother, elder brother and sister, and teacher. Again, we are also influenced by friends, classmates, and playmates of the same age. In this respect, we can see that our relationship with the elderly persons is one of loyalty and that with our friends is one of mutual cooperation. We get lessons from both of these relationships.

From the chart presented above, we get associated with family, neighbours, educational institution, religious institution, local society, local groups, mass media, and institutions providing entertainment. These institutions influence the process of our socialization.

 1. Role of the family and the family members:

2. Relitives and the neighbours

3. The school and schoolmates

4. The local society

5. The local Community

6. The Religious Institution

7. The Mass Media

Follow the part 2

https://socialscienc.blogspot.com/2025/03/role-of-family-and-family-members-in.html

Reference: Bangladesh and Global Studies, Class 9-10, 2025

Components of Socialization

The behavior of one of your classmates influences the behavior of others, and you are also influenced by the conduct of others. The reaction of the mutual influences of behaviors is called interaction. Interaction is the key issue of any social life. That means a person's socialization occurs through the actions and responses of the social environment, social life, and social values. So, the influence of these three components is evident in the formation and development of human personality.

1. Social Environment: The particular social system where a man lives is his social environment. Man blooms through his social environment. The social environment also influences a person’s economic, psychological, and moral life. The social environment includes social manners, conventions, customs, institutions, rules and regulations, all types of tendencies, problems, and so on. The social environment comprises the economic, cultural, psychological, and technological environment. The economic environment is a part of the social environment. In the kingdom of nature, human beings are producing different economic articles and goods. The root cause of this is his own happiness and comfort. Market, land, garden, domestic animals, machinery, etc., are the various components of the economic environment. Besides, numerous institutions, including the family and other religious institutions, are formed in the social environment. Culture developed through these institutions influences the behavior of a person in many ways, which is also a part of the cultural environment.

The cultural environment is formed through the man made components of the society. Everything, including dwelling houses, roads, behaviors, science, and knowledge, encompass the cultural environment. In the process of socialization, the influence of the cultural environment on people is also deep. Man’s human quality develops, and his mental faculty broadens in a developed cultural environment.

Human beings are recognized as social creatures because of their united living. There is a psychological reason behind such united living. The growth and development of mechanical civilization in all the surroundings is called technological environment. This environment also influences our social environment. Technological inventions, for example, the computer, television, internet etc., also influence man’s behavior and conduct. Besides, natural factors also influence in many ways on the lives of people’s social life.

2. Social Life: Social life is an important component of socialization. The social life of a human being is mainly regulated through several behavioural factors and conduct. The social life is a set of conduct, behaviour and life style of a human being that he acquires form living in a society. People participate in various activities and ceremonies of the society. People try to adapt to those activities and ceremonies through their actions, reactions, and behaviours. In this respect, people try to perform their work by imitating the behaviours of other people. It means that through this tendency of imitation, people acquire various things like language, pronunciation, mode of speaking, etc. Many things of the society and its culture are transmitted through the language to the people. Ceremonies like birthdays, marriage ceremonies, Eid day, puja festivals, Christmas day, the birth anniversary of Buddha, marriage anniversary etc. are observed in our social life. These ceremonies of social life influence the process of socialization.

3. Social Values: Values are specific features of our social life. The standard of people's lifestyle can be measured through these values because, by exercising these values, a man's conduct becomes obvious regarding social rules and regulations, norms, customs, respect for social laws, etc. The social values at our common cultural ideals. The views, needs, and good and bad aspects of people in the society can be assessed through these ideals.

As people grow up, they learn all the social values. Everyone gets equal importance and facilities in the society. Showing respect to the elderly person, offering love and affection to the younger one, exercising truthfulness and justice are the social values present in almost every society. People acquire these values from society. The values of the united social life can be expressed through their lifestyle; for example, the social values of a Bangladeshi or an Indian are different from that of a Chinese person. The Bangladeshi and the Indian are different from that of Chinese people. The Bangladeshi or an Indian are different from that of a Chinese people. The Bangladeshi and the Indian people stress much importance on their lifestyle about the spiritual development, sacrificing own interest for the sake of others etc. On the contrary, the fundamental characteristic of the life of Chinese people is the development of prosperity or wealth. The social values influence the personality of a human being that can be evident from his thinking, behaviour and conduct. 

Continue......................

Reference: Bangladesh and Global Studies, Class 9-10, 2025

Concept of Socialization

Socialization is a lifelong process. The process of socialization involves the whole thing, from the very birth of a child till death, his getting experience through various media, and method of adaptation in the society. In every stage of its life, when a person needs to enter from one phase into another, he has to get acquainted and adapted with new environment and situation. Through this process of adaptation, a change takes place in its behavior. Adapting to the new rules and regulations, norms, culture situation, and environment is called the process of socialization.

Reference: Bangladesh and Global Studies, Class 9-10, 2025

The process of socialization

 After its birth, a baby first comes in contact with the mother and other family members. The conduct and behavior of other family members influence the conduct of the child. In this way, the child gets associated with the outer environment; for example, they get experiences from their playmates, neighbors, school, religious institution, etc. The society in which a child grows up influences the character of the child. He leans to adapt with the society and tries to gain experience from social customs, values, norms, conduct, etc. So the process through which a child gradually becomes a social being is labelled as socialization.

Reference: Bangladesh and Global Studies, Class 9-10, 2025

Common Function of Family

The scope of the role of family in human society is immense, and its functions are multi-dimensional. Family plays a significant role in giving birth to children, rearing them up, and nourishing and developing them correctly. This role is seen worldwide in all family structures. The role of the family is also undergoing a change due to social transformation. However, there are some basic functions of the family that all societies around the world perform. Some common functions of a family are discussed below:

1. Meeting Biological Needs: People form families to fulfill the biological demand in a socially acceptable manner. Family fulfills the biological demand of males and females through marriage. The main objective of the framing up of the children is a work related to the production of children. This function remains the responsibility of the family until the child becomes self-dependent. In this case, the proper rearing of children depends on the income of the family.

2. Maintenance of Children: In addition to child rearing, the socialization of a child is the key responsibility of parents and other members of the family. A child learns to see himself through the eyes of others from his age. They also learn the family values, can express their liking and disliking, can be introduced with outsiders, and develop the skills of adaptation with others. From childhood, a child learns from the family about the social norms- manners, customs, behavior, rules and regulations, practices, etc. The desired behavior of a child is shaped through the congenial environment of the family. Apart from paying attention to his physical needs, a family fulfils the demands of a child’s mental security, safety of love, and affection. Lack of mental security, frustration, inferiority complex, and tension can be created in a child’s mind. We shall be more informed about this in the next section.

3. Economic Activities: Once, the family was the main center of all economic activities. In that time, all the necessary things for the family at home were produced at home. Once all these financial activities were performed by the joint families in rural area, but with time, these financial activities of a family are being performed by institutions like factory, shop, market and bank. Now the family members work outside home to earn money. For this reason, the family is treated as a unit of earning. Besides, the rural agro-based families of our country are the main driving force of the agro-economy of Bangladesh. Not only this, cottage industry, which is an important factory in the economy of our country, has been formed based on family.

4. Education: Family is one of the mentionable centres of tutoring of a child. After birth, a child gets his primary education from home. Mother is the best teacher of a child. Though nowadays, all the responsibilities of teaching has taken over by the educational institutions, but still a child gts lessons from the family on manners-behavior, punctuality, morality, religious values and conducts.

5. Health and Hygiene: Family plays a vast role in matters related to health and hygiene. Once, providing the health-related service and its regulation were confined within the family. In modern times, such service is given by hospitals and clinics.

6. Recreation: In the past, leisure and recreational amusements for the family members were done within the family. Although at present, various technologies and tools have been applied in recreational activities, still, for mental peace, a family is considered the highest recreation centre. Family chatting is a natural recreation system that plays an important role in keeping unity among the family members.

7. Preservation of Family Inheritance: Inheritance of family property exists in almost all types of social systems. Starting from property, land, whether movable or immovable, all are transferred through inheritance, from one generation to another. And since family is at the root of producing a new generation, the role of the family is immense in preserving property and deciding inheritance. Therefore, a child acquires the qualities and duties of a future parent along with the capability to justify right and wrong through his family. Our nice social system is developed for our families. 

Reference: Bangladesh and Global Studies, Class 9-10, 2025

1. 

The classification of Family

 Families are of different varieties depending on society or country. Families can be divided into different types based on different yardsticks. Families can be classified into numerious varieties based on the numbers of husband-wife, authority, size of family, family status, living place and the process of selecting the bride and the groom. 

1. Family based on the numbers of husband and wife: based on this families of this kind can be three types- the monogamous, polygyny and polyandry family. A single or monogamous family can be formed by the matrimonial relation between a man and a woman. A single wife family is seen as the most common time of family in the world. This type of family is regarded as an ideal family. In this family structure, friendly rapport is seen to be the core between a husband and a wife. Again, the family that is formed through the marriage between one man with many women is known as a polygyny family or family having many wives at a time. In this type of family, a single man can keep more than one wife living at a time. Commonly, this sort of polygamous family is seen in the agro-based local Muslim family.’ Such as custom is also seen in the Eskimo and in the Negro in Africa. A family of one wife having many husbands at a time is known as a polyandry family. “ This sort of family is not seen very common in the modern civilized society ety. But, in Tibet, there was a time when it was a custom for a wife to have many husbands. Besides, the family of this category was also found among the Toda inhabitants of the Malagarh region in south India.  

2. Family based on authority: Based on this family of this kind can be of two types: patriarchal and Matriarchal. In a patriarchal family, the overall power and authority of the family rests on the male members of the family like the father, husband, or the other elderly people. In these types of families, family name and identification are determined through the male members of the family. This type is more common in the society of Bangladesh. Again, the family whose overall authority and power is exercised by the mother is known as a matriarchal family. In Bangladesh, the family among the different ethnic communities, especially the family of Khasia and Garo, is matriarchal. 

3. Family based on the size: Based on this, families of this kind can be of three types: single or nuclear family, joint family, and extended family. The family where the husband, wife, and their unmarried children live together is known as a single or nuclear family. This family is confined within two generations. These two generations mean a father and his young children. Most of the families in urban areas of our country are nuclear families. This tendency of keeping single family is also obvious in rural areas, but in the civilized countries of the world, such type of family system was prevalent. In the joint family, the married son and his children live together in the same family under the authority of his parents. Like a single family, the bonds of a joint family develop through the blood relation among family members. In the rural areas of our country, most of the families are joint ones. Now the number of these type of joint family decreasing for various reasons. A family where the father and mother, their children, their wives and children, and other relatives live together is regarded as an extended family. In an extended family, members from the parents may remain included. This type of family can still be seen in our rural societies. Such a family system is also seen in China.

4. Family based on the status and Inheritance of properties: Based on this families of this kind can be of two types – patrinieal and matrilineal family. In patrilineal family, children are entitled to the family status and  inheritance of properties of father. This type of family is present in our social system. In matrilineal  family, children get family status and property inheritance through mother. The maternal family stem still exists in Khashia and Garo communities.

5. Family based on Dwelling Place of Husband and Wife after Marriage: Based on this, families of this kind can be of three types-patrilocal, matrilocal and neo-local. The family where the newly married couple lives in the husband’s father’s house is called a patrilocal family. It is commonly seen in our social system. A matrilocal family is a type of family where the newly married couple lives in the wife’s father’s house. This family is found among the Garos. The married couple does not live either with the husband’s or at the wife’s parents' house; rather, they live in a new place, known as nonlocal family. This type of family is found within the service holders of urban areas.

6. Family based on the selection of bride and groom: Though muslim society does not practice indulgence in case marriage, the Hindu society bears testimony to it. In the Hindu society, there are two types of marriage –Exogamous family and Endogamous family. When a person marries outside of his own caste, it is called exogamy. This family is of two types. When a bridegroom of superior caste marries to a bride of lower caste, is called morganatic or Anulome marriage sysem. When a bridegroom of a lower caste marries a bride of upper caste, it is called morganatic or protilome marriage. The root cause of this type of marriage is to prevent incest from the society. Again, if a person marries within the same caste, it is called an Endogamous family. This type of Endogamous marriage is more common in Hindu society. To protect the so-called blood bond and to keep its purity intact are the only reasons behind this type of marriage. Now-a-days, many changes have taken in to forming such type of family. Most Hindu families consider this caste system as superstitious.

Reference: Bangladesh and Global Studies, Class 9-10, 2025

Concept of family

Family is the fundamental organization of social structure. It is the first step of an organized life. It is a permanent organization or an institution of a couple where they may or may not have children. Marriage is an important precondition for the formation of a family. A male person creates a family by marrying a female person in a socially accepted manner. The family also existed in the primitive societies. In that society, a family was formed without marriage, but it is impossible in our society.

The family is the universal institution of people leading an associated life. The existence of family remains in every society and in every sector of social development. It is the emotional foundation of our united life. Giving birth to children, rearing them up, the bondage of love and affection, the formation of values, creating awareness of the rights etc. happen in a family. As an institution, a family has some special rules and regulations, ideals, values, and an active organizational base, and its collective form is known as the family structure. 

From primitive society to the present, many changes have occurred in the formation of a family, its function, and its structure. But, despite these changes, the necessity and importance of family are immense to human society compared to other institutions because the family is the safe haven in a man’s life from the beginning till the end. From birth to death, men's relationship with the family is very deep and regulatory. Social, economic, psychological, and cultural security is being ensured through a family.

Reference: Bangladesh and Global Studies, Class 9-10, 2025